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Thermalization in Nature and on a Quantum Computer
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Thermalization in Nature and on a Quantum Computer
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In this work, we show how Gibbs or thermal states appear dynamically in closed quantum many-body systems, building on the program of dynamical typicality. We introduce a novel perturbation theorem for physically relevant weak system-bath couplings that is applicable even in the thermodynamic limit. We identify conditions under which thermalization happens and discuss the underlying physics. Based on these results, we also present a fully general quantum algorithm for preparing Gibbs states on a quantum computer with a certified runtime and error bound. This complements quantum Metropolis algorithms, which are expected to be efficient but have no known runtime estimates and only work for local Hamiltonians.
Forward citations
Cited by 2 Pith papers
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Preparing thermal states of frustrated quantum spin systems using 139 qubits
Dissipative preparation of thermal states for kagome antiferromagnets demonstrated on IBM hardware up to 79 spins, with simulations showing scalable circuit depths.
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Preparing thermal states of frustrated quantum spin systems using 139 qubits
Dissipative protocols on quantum hardware prepare approximate thermal states for kagome AFIM up to 79 sites and AFHM via simulation, with circuit depth independent of size and linear in inverse temperature.
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