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Spectral theory of Liouvillians for dissipative phase transitions
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A state of an open quantum system is described by a density matrix, whose dynamics is governed by a Liouvillian superoperator. Within a general framework, we explore fundamental properties of both first-order dissipative phase transitions and second-order dissipative phase transitions associated with a symmetry breaking. In the critical region, we determine the general form of the steady-state density matrix and of the Liouvillian eigenmatrix whose eigenvalue defines the Liouvillian spectral gap. We illustrate our exact results by studying some paradigmatic quantum optical models exhibiting critical behavior.
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Cited by 1 Pith paper
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Bootstrapping Open Quantum Many-body Systems with Absorbing Phase Transitions
A bootstrap method using density-matrix positivity and steady-state conditions produces bounds on steady-state expectation values, the critical coupling, and the Liouvillian gap for the quantum contact process.
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