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The Shapley Value in Machine Learning

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arxiv 2202.05594 v2 pith:TNSP3NFL submitted 2022-02-11 cs.LG cs.AIcs.GT

The Shapley Value in Machine Learning

classification cs.LG cs.AIcs.GT
keywords shapleyvaluelearningmachineapplicationscooperativegametheory
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Over the last few years, the Shapley value, a solution concept from cooperative game theory, has found numerous applications in machine learning. In this paper, we first discuss fundamental concepts of cooperative game theory and axiomatic properties of the Shapley value. Then we give an overview of the most important applications of the Shapley value in machine learning: feature selection, explainability, multi-agent reinforcement learning, ensemble pruning, and data valuation. We examine the most crucial limitations of the Shapley value and point out directions for future research.

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