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On the reality of the quantum state

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arxiv 1111.3328 v3 pith:2KJ2R37D submitted 2011-11-14 quant-ph

On the reality of the quantum state

classification quant-ph
keywords quantumstaterealityrepresentsinformationphysicalpurestates
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Quantum states are the key mathematical objects in quantum theory. It is therefore surprising that physicists have been unable to agree on what a quantum state truly represents. One possibility is that a pure quantum state corresponds directly to reality. However, there is a long history of suggestions that a quantum state (even a pure state) represents only knowledge or information about some aspect of reality. Here we show that any model in which a quantum state represents mere information about an underlying physical state of the system, and in which systems that are prepared independently have independent physical states, must make predictions which contradict those of quantum theory.

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  1. All pure entangled states can lead to fully nonlocal correlations

    quant-ph 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    Non-maximally entangled states exhibit full nonlocality under simple Schmidt coefficient conditions, and all pure entangled states can be activated to full nonlocality with multiple copies.