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Anisotropy and chemical composition of ultra-high energy cosmic rays using arrival directions measured by the Pierre Auger Observatory

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arxiv 1106.3048 v2 pith:S4V26PSL submitted 2011-06-15 astro-ph.HE

Anisotropy and chemical composition of ultra-high energy cosmic rays using arrival directions measured by the Pierre Auger Observatory

The Pierre Auger Collaboration: P. Abreu , M. Aglietta , E.J. Ahn , I.F.M. Albuquerque , D. Allard , I. Allekotte , J. Allen , P. Allison
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J. Alvarez Castillo J. Alvarez-Mu\~niz M. Ambrosio A. Aminaei L. Anchordoqui S. Andringa T. Anti\v{c}i\'c A. Anzalone C. Aramo E. Arganda F. Arqueros H. Asorey P. Assis J. Aublin M. Ave M. Avenier G. Avila T. B\"acker M. Balzer K.B. Barber A.F. Barbosa R. Bardenet S.L.C. Barroso B. Baughman J. B\"auml J.J. Beatty B.R. Becker K.H. Becker A. Bell\'etoile J.A. Bellido S. BenZvi C. Berat X. Bertou P.L. Biermann P. Billoir F. Blanco M. Blanco C. Bleve H. Bl\"umer M. Boh\'a\v{c}ov\'a D. Boncioli C. Bonifazi R. Bonino N. Borodai J. Brack P. Brogueira W.C. Brown R. Bruijn P. Buchholz A. Bueno R.E. Burton K.S. Caballero-Mora L. Caramete R. Caruso A. Castellina O. Catalano G. Cataldi L. Cazon R. Cester J. Chauvin S.H. Cheng A. Chiavassa J.A. Chinellato A. Chou J. Chudoba R.W. Clay M.R. Coluccia R. Concei\c{c}\~ao F. Contreras H. Cook M.J. Cooper J. Coppens A. Cordier U. Cotti S. Coutu C.E. Covault A. Creusot A. Criss J. Cronin A. Curutiu S. Dagoret-Campagne R. Dallier S. Dasso K. Daumiller B.R. Dawson R.M. de Almeida M. De Domenico C. De Donato S.J. de Jong G. De La Vega W.J.M. de Mello Junior J.R.T. de Mello Neto I. De Mitri V. de Souza K.D. de Vries G. Decerprit L. del Peral O. Deligny H. Dembinski N. Dhital C. Di Giulio J.C. Diaz M.L. D\'iaz Castro P.N. Diep C. Dobrigkeit W. Docters J.C. D'Olivo P.N. Dong A. Dorofeev J.C. dos Anjos M.T. Dova D. D'Urso I. Dutan J. Ebr R. Engel M. Erdmann C.O. Escobar A. Etchegoyen P. Facal San Luis I. Fajardo Tapia H. Falcke G. Farrar A.C. Fauth N. Fazzini A.P. Ferguson A. Ferrero B. Fick A. Filevich A. Filip\v{c}i\v{c} S. Fliescher C.E. Fracchiolla E.D. Fraenkel U. Fr\"ohlich B. Fuchs R. Gaior R.F. Gamarra S. Gambetta B. Garc\'ia D. Garc\'ia G\'amez D. Garcia-Pinto A. Gascon H. Gemmeke K. Gesterling P.L. Ghia U. Giaccari M. Giller H. Glass M.S. Gold G. Golup F. Gomez Albarracin M. G\'omez Berisso P. Gon\c{c}alves D. Gonzalez J.G. Gonzalez B. Gookin D. G\'ora A. Gorgi P. Gouffon S.R. Gozzini E. Grashorn S. Grebe N. Griffith M. Grigat A.F. Grillo Y. Guardincerri F. Guarino G.P. Guedes A. Guzman J.D. Hague P. Hansen D. Harari S. Harmsma J.L. Harton A. Haungs T. Hebbeker D. Heck A.E. Herve C. Hojvat N. Hollon V.C. Holmes P. Homola J.R. H\"orandel A. Horneffer M. Hrabovsk\'y T. Huege A. Insolia F. Ionita A. Italiano C. Jarne S. Jiraskova K. Kadija K.H. Kampert P. Karhan P. Kasper B. K\'egl B. Keilhauer A. Keivani J.L. Kelley E. Kemp R.M. Kieckhafer H.O. Klages M. Kleifges J. Kleinfeller J. Knapp D.-H. Koang K. Kotera N. Krohm O. Kr\"omer D. Kruppke-Hansen F. Kuehn D. Kuempel J.K. Kulbartz N. Kunka G. La Rosa C. Lachaud P. Lautridou M.S.A.B. Le\~ao D. Lebrun P. Lebrun M.A. Leigui de Oliveira A. Lemiere A. Letessier-Selvon I. Lhenry-Yvon K. Link R. L\'opez A. Lopez Ag\"uera K. Louedec J. Lozano Bahilo A. Lucero M. Ludwig H. Lyberis M.C. Maccarone C. Macolino S. Maldera D. Mandat P. Mantsch A.G. Mariazzi J. Marin V. Marin I.C. Maris H.R. Marquez Falcon G. Marsella D. Martello L. Martin H. Martinez O. Mart\'inez Bravo H.J. Mathes J. Matthews J.A.J. Matthews G. Matthiae D. Maurizio P.O. Mazur G. Medina-Tanco M. Melissas D. Melo E. Menichetti A. Menshikov P. Mertsch C. Meurer S. Mi\'canovi\'c M.I. Micheletti W. Miller L. Miramonti S. Mollerach M. Monasor D. Monnier Ragaigne F. Montanet B. Morales C. Morello E. Moreno J.C. Moreno C. Morris M. Mostaf\'a C.A. Moura S. Mueller M.A. Muller G. M\"uller M. M\"unchmeyer R. Mussa G. Navarra J.L. Navarro S. Navas P. Necesal L. Nellen A. Nelles P.T. Nhung L. Niemietz N. Nierstenhoefer D. Nitz D. Nosek L. No\v{z}ka M. Nyklicek J. Oehlschl\"ager A. Olinto P. Oliva V.M. Olmos-Gilbaja M. Ortiz N. Pacheco D. Pakk Selmi-Dei M. Palatka J. Pallotta N. Palmieri G. Parente E. Parizot A. Parra R.D. Parsons S. Pastor T. Paul M. Pech J. P\c{e}kala R. Pelayo I.M. Pepe L. Perrone R. Pesce E. Petermann S. Petrera P. Petrinca A. Petrolini Y. Petrov J. Petrovic C. Pfendner N. Phan R. Piegaia T. Pierog P. Pieroni M. Pimenta V. Pirronello M. Platino V.H. Ponce M. Pontz P. Privitera M. Prouza E.J. Quel S. Querchfeld J. Rautenberg O. Ravel D. Ravignani B. Revenu J. Ridky S. Riggi M. Risse P. Ristori H. Rivera V. Rizi J. Roberts C. Robledo W. Rodrigues de Carvalho G. Rodriguez J. Rodriguez Martino J. Rodriguez Rojo I. Rodriguez-Cabo M.D. Rodr\'iguez-Fr\'ias G. Ros J. Rosado T. Rossler M. Roth B. Rouill\'e-d'Orfeuil E. Roulet A.C. Rovero C. R\"uhle F. Salamida H. Salazar G. Salina F. S\'anchez M. Santander C.E. Santo E. Santos E.M. Santos F. Sarazin B. Sarkar S. Sarkar R. Sato N. Scharf V. Scherini H. Schieler P. Schiffer A. Schmidt F. Schmidt T. Schmidt O. Scholten H. Schoorlemmer J. Schovancova P. Schov\'anek F. Schr\"oder S. Schulte D. Schuster S.J. Sciutto M. Scuderi A. Segreto M. Settimo A. Shadkam R.C. Shellard I. Sidelnik G. Sigl H.H. Silva Lopez A. \'Smia{\l}kowski R. \v{S}m\'ida G.R. Snow P. Sommers J. Sorokin H. Spinka R. Squartini J. Stapleton J. Stasielak M. Stephan E. Strazzeri A. Stutz F. Suarez T. Suomij\"arvi A.D. Supanitsky T. \v{S}u\v{s}a M.S. Sutherland J. Swain Z. Szadkowski M. Szuba A. Tamashiro A. Tapia M. Tartare O. Ta\c{s}c\u{a}u C.G. Tavera Ruiz R. Tcaciuc D. Tegolo N.T. Thao D. Thomas J. Tiffenberg C. Timmermans D.K. Tiwari W. Tkaczyk C.J. Todero Peixoto B. Tom\'e A. Tonachini P. Travnicek D.B. Tridapalli G. Tristram E. Trovato M. Tueros R. Ulrich M. Unger M. Urban J.F. Vald\'es Galicia I. Vali\~no L. Valore A.M. van den Berg E. Varela B. Vargas C\'ardenas J.R. V\'azquez R.A. V\'azquez D. Veberi\v{c} V. Verzi J. Vicha M. Videla L. Villase\~nor H. Wahlberg P. Wahrlich O. Wainberg D. Warner A.A. Watson M. Weber K. Weidenhaupt A. Weindl S. Westerhoff B.J. Whelan G. Wieczorek L. Wiencke B. Wilczy\'nska H. Wilczy\'nski M. Will C. Williams T. Winchen L. Winders M.G. Winnick M. Wommer B. Wundheiler T. Yamamoto T. Yapici P. Younk G. Yuan A. Yushkov B. Zamorano E. Zas D. Zavrtanik M. Zavrtanik I. Zaw A. Zepeda M. Ziolkowski
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keywords energiesdirectionsaboveanisotropiesanisotropyarrivalaugercharge
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The Pierre Auger Collaboration has reported evidence for anisotropy in the distribution of arrival directions of the cosmic rays with energies $E>E_{th}=5.5\times 10^{19}$ eV. These show a correlation with the distribution of nearby extragalactic objects, including an apparent excess around the direction of Centaurus A. If the particles responsible for these excesses at $E>E_{th}$ are heavy nuclei with charge $Z$, the proton component of the sources should lead to excesses in the same regions at energies $E/Z$. We here report the lack of anisotropies in these directions at energies above $E_{th}/Z$ (for illustrative values of $Z=6,\ 13,\ 26$). If the anisotropies above $E_{th}$ are due to nuclei with charge $Z$, and under reasonable assumptions about the acceleration process, these observations imply stringent constraints on the allowed proton fraction at the lower energies.

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