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Galactic Star Formation with NIKA2 (GASTON): Evidence of mass accretion onto dense clumps

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arxiv 2111.01668 v3 pith:H3BFORHT submitted 2021-11-02 astro-ph.GA

Galactic Star Formation with NIKA2 (GASTON): Evidence of mass accretion onto dense clumps

classification astro-ph.GA
keywords formationstarclumpscontinuumgalacticnika2denseevidence
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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High-mass stars ($m_* \gtrsim 8 \, M_\odot$) play a crucial role in the evolution of galaxies, and so it is imperative that we understand how they are formed. We have used the New IRAM KIDs Array 2 (NIKA2) camera on the Institut de Radio Astronomie Millim\'{e}trique (IRAM) 30-m telescope to conduct high-sensitivity continuum mapping of $\sim2$ deg$^2$ of the Galactic plane (GP) as part of the Galactic Star Formation with NIKA2 (GASTON) large program. We have identified a total of 1467 clumps within our deep 1.15 mm continuum maps and, by using overlapping continuum, molecular line, and maser parallax data, we have determined their distances and physical properties. By placing them upon an approximate evolutionary sequence based upon 8 $\mu$m $\textit{Spitzer}$ imaging, we find evidence that the most massive dense clumps accrete material from their surrounding environment during their early evolution, before dispersing as star formation advances, supporting clump-fed models of high-mass star formation.

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