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The Observation of High-Energy Neutrinos from the Cosmos: Lessons Learned for Multimessenger Astronomy

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arxiv 2110.01687 v1 pith:XSAWKZR2 submitted 2021-10-04 astro-ph.HE

The Observation of High-Energy Neutrinos from the Cosmos: Lessons Learned for Multimessenger Astronomy

classification astro-ph.HE
keywords cosmicneutrinosraysneutrinoacceleratorsastronomyenergyflux
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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The IceCube neutrino telescope discovered PeV-energy neutrinos originating beyond our Galaxy with an energy flux that is comparable to that of GeV-energy gamma rays and EeV-energy cosmic rays. These neutrinos provide the only unobstructed view of the cosmic accelerators that power the highest energy radiation reaching us from the universe. We will review the results from IceCube's first decade of operations, emphasizing the measurement of the diffuse multiflavored neutrino flux from the universe and the identification of the supermassive black hole TXS 0506+056 as a source of cosmic neutrinos and, therefore, cosmic rays. We will speculate on the lessons learned for multimessenger astronomy, among them that extragalactic neutrino sources may be a relatively small subset of the cosmic accelerators observed in high-energy gamma rays and that these may be gamma-ray-obscured at the times that they emit neutrinos.

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