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arxiv: 1709.07321 · v1 · pith:TO5MMO7Inew · submitted 2017-09-21 · 🌌 astro-ph.HE

Observation of a Large-scale Anisotropy in the Arrival Directions of Cosmic Rays above 8 times 10¹⁸ eV

The Pierre Auger Collaboration: A. Aab , P. Abreu , M. Aglietta , I. Al Samarai , I.F.M. Albuquerque , I. Allekotte , A. Almela , J. Alvarez Castillo
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J. Alvarez-Mu\~niz G.A. Anastasi L. Anchordoqui B. Andrada S. Andringa C. Aramo F. Arqueros N. Arsene H. Asorey P. Assis J. Aublin G. Avila A.M. Badescu A. Balaceanu F. Barbato R.J. Barreira Luz J.J. Beatty K.H. Becker J.A. Bellido C. Berat M.E. Bertaina X. Bertou P.L. Biermann P. Billoir J. Biteau S.G. Blaess A. Blanco J. Blazek C. Bleve M. Boh\'a\v{c}ov\'a D. Boncioli C. Bonifazi N. Borodai A.M. Botti J. Brack I. Brancus T. Bretz A. Bridgeman F.L. Briechle P. Buchholz A. Bueno S. Buitink M. Buscemi K.S. Caballero-Mora L. Caccianiga A. Cancio F. Canfora L. Caramete R. Caruso A. Castellina G. Cataldi L. Cazon A.G. Chavez J.A. Chinellato J. Chudoba R.W. Clay A. Cobos R. Colalillo A. Coleman L. Collica M.R. Coluccia R. Concei\c{c}\~ao G. Consolati F. Contreras M.J. Cooper S. Coutu C.E. Covault J. Cronin S. D'Amico B. Daniel S. Dasso K. Daumiller B.R. Dawson R.M. de Almeida S.J. de Jong G. De Mauro J.R.T. de Mello Neto I. De Mitri J. de Oliveira V. de Souza J. Debatin O. Deligny C. Di Giulio A. Di Matteo M.L. D\'iaz Castro F. Diogo C. Dobrigkeit J.C. D'Olivo Q. Dorosti R.C. dos Anjos M.T. Dova A. Dundovic J. Ebr R. Engel M. Erdmann M. Erfani C.O. Escobar J. Espadanal A. Etchegoyen H. Falcke G. Farrar A.C. Fauth N. Fazzini F. Fenu B. Fick J.M. Figueira A. Filip\v{c}i\v{c} O. Fratu M.M. Freire T. Fujii A. Fuster R. Gaior B. Garc\'ia D. Garcia-Pinto F. Gat\'e H. Gemmeke A. Gherghel-Lascu P.L. Ghia U. Giaccari M. Giammarchi M. Giller D. G{\l}as C. Glaser G. Golup M. G\'omez Berisso P.F. G\'omez Vitale N. Gonz\'alez A. Gorgi P. Gorham A.F. Grillo T.D. Grubb F. Guarino G.P. Guedes M.R. Hampel P. Hansen D. Harari T.A. Harrison J.L. Harton A. Haungs T. Hebbeker D. Heck P. Heimann A.E. Herve G.C. Hill C. Hojvat E. Holt P. Homola J.R. H\"orandel P. Horvath M. Hrabovsk\'y T. Huege J. Hulsman A. Insolia P.G. Isar I. Jandt S. Jansen J.A. Johnsen M. Josebachuili J. Jurysek A. K\"a\"ap\"a O. Kambeitz K.H. Kampert I. Katkov B. Keilhauer N. Kemmerich E. Kemp J. Kemp R.M. Kieckhafer H.O. Klages M. Kleifges J. Kleinfeller R. Krause N. Krohm D. Kuempel G. Kukec Mezek N. Kunka A. Kuotb Awad D. LaHurd M. Lauscher R. Legumina M.A. Leigui de Oliveira A. Letessier-Selvon I. Lhenry-Yvon K. Link D. Lo Presti L. Lopes R. L\'opez A. L\'opez Casado Q. Luce A. Lucero M. Malacari M. Mallamaci D. Mandat P. Mantsch A.G. Mariazzi I.C. Mari\c{s} G. Marsella D. Martello H. Martinez O. Mart\'inez Bravo J.J. Mas\'ias Meza H.J. Mathes S. Mathys J. Matthews J.A.J. Matthews G. Matthiae E. Mayotte P.O. Mazur C. Medina G. Medina-Tanco D. Melo A. Menshikov K.-D. Merenda S. Michal M.I. Micheletti L. Middendorf L. Miramonti B. Mitrica D. Mockler S. Mollerach F. Montanet C. Morello M. Mostaf\'a A.L. M\"uller G. M\"uller M.A. Muller S. M\"uller R. Mussa I. Naranjo L. Nellen P.H. Nguyen M. Niculescu-Oglinzanu M. Niechciol L. Niemietz T. Niggemann D. Nitz D. Nosek V. Novotny L. No\v{z}ka L.A. N\'u\~nez L. Ochilo F. Oikonomou A. Olinto M. Palatka J. Pallotta P. Papenbreer G. Parente A. Parra T. Paul M. Pech F. Pedreira J. P\k{e}kala R. Pelayo J. Pe\~na-Rodriguez L. A. S. Pereira M. Perl\'in L. Perrone C. Peters S. Petrera J. Phuntsok R. Piegaia T. Pierog P. Pieroni M. Pimenta V. Pirronello M. Platino M. Plum C. Porowski R.R. Prado P. Privitera M. Prouza E.J. Quel S. Querchfeld S. Quinn R. Ramos-Pollan J. Rautenberg D. Ravignani B. Revenu J. Ridky F. Riehn M. Risse P. Ristori V. Rizi W. Rodrigues de Carvalho G. Rodriguez Fernandez J. Rodriguez Rojo D. Rogozin M.J. Roncoroni M. Roth E. Roulet A.C. Rovero P. Ruehl S.J. Saffi A. Saftoiu F. Salamida H. Salazar A. Saleh F. Salesa Greus G. Salina F. S\'anchez P. Sanchez-Lucas E.M. Santos E. Santos F. Sarazin R. Sarmento C.A. Sarmiento R. Sato M. Schauer V. Scherini H. Schieler M. Schimp D. Schmidt O. Scholten P. Schov\'anek F.G. Schr\"oder A. Schulz J. Schumacher S.J. Sciutto A. Segreto M. Settimo A. Shadkam R.C. Shellard G. Sigl G. Silli O. Sima A. \'Smia{\l}kowski R. \v{S}m\'ida G.R. Snow P. Sommers S. Sonntag J. Sorokin R. Squartini D. Stanca S. Stani\v{c} J. Stasielak P. Stassi F. Strafella F. Suarez M. Suarez Dur\'an T. Sudholz T. Suomij\"arvi A.D. Supanitsky J. \v{S}up\'ik J. Swain Z. Szadkowski A. Taboada O.A. Taborda A. Tapia V.M. Theodoro C. Timmermans C.J. Todero Peixoto L. Tomankova B. Tom\'e G. Torralba Elipe P. Travnicek M. Trini R. Ulrich M. Unger M. Urban J.F. Vald\'es Galicia I. Vali\~no L. Valore G. van Aar P. van Bodegom A.M. van den Berg A. van Vliet E. Varela B. Vargas C\'ardenas G. Varner R.A. V\'azquez D. Veberi\v{c} C. Ventura I.D. Vergara Quispe V. Verzi J. Vicha L. Villase\~nor S. Vorobiov H. Wahlberg O. Wainberg D. Walz A.A. Watson M. Weber A. Weindl L. Wiencke H. Wilczy\'nski M. Wirtz D. Wittkowski B. Wundheiler L. Yang A. Yushkov E. Zas D. Zavrtanik M. Zavrtanik A. Zepeda B. Zimmermann M. Ziolkowski Z. Zong F. Zuccarello
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keywords anisotropyarrivalcosmicdirectionsraystimesabovedegrees
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Cosmic rays are atomic nuclei arriving from outer space that reach the highest energies observed in nature. Clues to their origin come from studying the distribution of their arrival directions. Using $3 \times 10^4$ cosmic rays above $8 \times 10^{18}$ electron volts, recorded with the Pierre Auger Observatory from a total exposure of 76,800 square kilometers steradian year, we report an anisotropy in the arrival directions. The anisotropy, detected at more than the 5.2$\sigma$ level of significance, can be described by a dipole with an amplitude of $6.5_{-0.9}^{+1.3}$% towards right ascension $\alpha_{d} = 100 \pm 10$ degrees and declination $\delta_{d} = -24_{-13}^{+12}$ degrees. That direction indicates an extragalactic origin for these ultra-high energy particles.

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