Lattice simulations show axion misalignment production splits into two regimes during first-order phase transitions, unified by a semi-analytical relic density formula that also alters isocurvature and small-scale power spectrum.
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Electroweak Bubble Wall Speed Limit
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abstract
In extensions of the Standard Model with extra scalars, the electroweak phase transition can be very strong, and the bubble walls can be highly relativistic. We revisit our previous argument that electroweak bubble walls can "run away," that is, achieve extreme ultrarelativistic velocities $\gamma \sim 10^{14}$. We show that, when particles cross the bubble wall, they can emit transition radiation. Wall-frame soft processes, though suppressed by a power of the coupling $\alpha$, have a significance enhanced by the $\gamma$-factor of the wall, limiting wall velocities to $\gamma \sim 1/\alpha$. Though the bubble walls can move at almost the speed of light, they carry an infinitesimal share of the plasma's energy.
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Defines peak-integrated sensitivity curves (PISCs) that fold in the expected spectral shape of gravitational waves from cosmological phase transitions and supplies semianalytical fits plus public data for major detectors.
Dynamical LTE simulations reveal that heating wave formation often outlasts wall acceleration, yielding a revised maximal driving pressure criterion that weakens hydrodynamic obstruction compared to steady-state models.
Applies high-T dimensional reduction for the first time to a classically scale-invariant model, computes NLO nucleation rate via determinants, and predicts LISA-detectable GW from supercooled PT in SU(2)cSM.
Tensor perturbations from first-order phase transitions and domain wall annihilation induce curvature fluctuations at second order that form primordial black holes, allowing asteroid-mass PBHs to comprise all dark matter for specific parameter ranges with associated gravitational wave peaks in LISA,
Collapsing Z_N domain walls trap baryons into dense baryoids, yielding a dark matter-baryon energy density ratio of approximately (N-1):1 after the QCD phase transition.
First-order gradient CP-violating sources in EWBG quantum transport relax electron EDM bounds and increase viability compared to prior approximations in a model illustration.
Filtered Dark Matter hydrodynamics during first-order phase transitions is modeled as a two-component fluid, yielding detonation-like and deflagration-like solutions in ballistic and local thermal equilibrium regimes that change relic abundance predictions.
HydroGrav code computes self-similar fluid profiles and GW spectra using exact EOS from effective potentials for EWPT models, identifying parameter regions in a Z2 SM extension where simplified EOS differ in amplitude and shape, with LISA SNR estimates.
Radiative barriers in SUSY flat directions enable supercooled PTs yielding Ω_GW h² up to ~3e-10 for M_λ̃/v_X in 0.05-0.23, with the hidden sector also reproducing Ω_CDM h²=0.12 for m_q ~30-800 keV.
A dark QCD model with a first-order phase transition at 5-6 MeV produces the NANOGrav SGWB amplitude while supplying self-interacting dark matter via a 40 GeV baryon and 20-50 MeV dilaton, linked by entropy dilution.
Radiative electroweak symmetry breaking with a logarithmic potential yields analytical vacuum solutions, four thermal history patterns, and supercooled FOPT gravitational waves whose signals combined with collider data can probe conformal scales to 10^5-10^8 GeV.
Dark sector first-order phase transitions near 10 MeV can substantially modify vector dark matter relic densities away from standard thermal freeze-out predictions, with distinct mass windows and calculable gravitational wave backgrounds.
Lattice simulations of the first-order phase transition terminating thermal inflation confirm bubble nucleation and yield gravitational-wave spectra potentially detectable by BBO and DECIGO.
In a B-L conserving SM extension with U(1)_x dark sector, CP-violating Yukawas generate opposite lepton asymmetries in visible and hidden sectors that sphalerons convert to baryon asymmetry, with gauge-independent bubble nucleation yielding stochastic GW spectra valid in supercooled regimes and a参数s
Updated LISA detection prospects for gravitational waves from phase transitions are derived from state-of-the-art sound-wave simulations, with a new web tool PTPlot provided for parameter scans.
A model of late-time U(1)EM symmetry breaking via scalar-driven first-order phase transition predicts high-energy photon and neutrino bursts as long-range precursors detectable by multi-messenger facilities.
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Primordial Black Hole from Tensor-induced Density Fluctuation: First-order Phase Transitions and Domain Walls
Tensor perturbations from first-order phase transitions and domain wall annihilation induce curvature fluctuations at second order that form primordial black holes, allowing asteroid-mass PBHs to comprise all dark matter for specific parameter ranges with associated gravitational wave peaks in LISA,
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Dark QCD Origin of the NANOGrav Signal and Self-Interacting Dark Matter
A dark QCD model with a first-order phase transition at 5-6 MeV produces the NANOGrav SGWB amplitude while supplying self-interacting dark matter via a 40 GeV baryon and 20-50 MeV dilaton, linked by entropy dilution.
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Detecting gravitational waves from cosmological phase transitions with LISA: an update
Updated LISA detection prospects for gravitational waves from phase transitions are derived from state-of-the-art sound-wave simulations, with a new web tool PTPlot provided for parameter scans.