A vacancy-counting calorimetric readout in paleo-detectors provides an event-by-event proxy for nuclear recoil species, suppressing neutron backgrounds and achieving spin-independent dark matter sensitivities of order 10^{-48} cm² at WIMP masses of tens of GeV.
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Dark Matter Search Results from 4.2 Tonne-Years of Exposure of the LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) Experiment
Baseline reference. 55% of citing Pith papers use this work as a benchmark or comparison.
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Pith papers citing it
Baseline
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abstract
We report results of a search for nuclear recoils induced by weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) dark matter using the LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) two-phase xenon time projection chamber. This analysis uses a total exposure of $4.2\pm0.1$ tonne-years from 280 live days of LZ operation, of which $3.3\pm0.1$ tonne-years and 220 live days are new. A technique to actively tag background electronic recoils from $^{214}$Pb $\beta$ decays is featured for the first time. Enhanced electron-ion recombination is observed in two-neutrino double electron capture decays of $^{124}$Xe, representing a noteworthy new background. After removal of artificial signal-like events injected into the data set to mitigate analyzer bias, we find no evidence for an excess over expected backgrounds. World-leading constraints are placed on spin-independent (SI) and spin-dependent WIMP-nucleon cross sections for masses $\geq$9 GeV/$c^2$. The strongest SI exclusion set is $2.2\times10^{-48}$ cm$^{2}$ at the 90% confidence level and the best SI median sensitivity achieved is $5.1\times10^{-48}$ cm$^{2}$, both for a mass of 40 GeV/$c^2$.
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representative citing papers
Mirror dark matter admixture via mutual mean-field shifts softens the nuclear EOS, raises central densities, lowers maximum masses, and moves the direct Urca onset to higher or lower masses depending on symmetry-energy stiffness.
PBH dark matter spans all naturalness tiers, with some mechanisms as natural as WIMPs or freeze-in particles, determined by abundance map structure rather than candidate type.
Hidden-sector dark matter achieves standard thermal relic abundance via early decoupling with temperature-matched freeze-out, enabling WIMP-like cross sections without late-time thermalization.
Cosmic ray protons scattering off dark matter produce the Galactic Center gamma-ray excess through inelastic up-scattering followed by decay or direct elastic 2-to-3 photon production.
Dark radiation from dark matter produced in Z decays generates long-lived dark photons that dominate over meson decays and bremsstrahlung for small kinetic mixing and masses above the GeV scale, allowing FASER2, FACET, and MATHUSLA to probe relic-abundance-consistent regions beyond conventional dark
A hermetically sealed xenon heat pump demonstrator provides 118 W cooling and 121 W heating at 386 W electrical input, sufficient for 3.1 kg/h xenon purification flow and far below the 6 kW of existing helium-based systems.
Xe-125 positron decay branching ratio measured as 0.29% at 5.5 sigma significance, providing the first constraint on individual levels in I-125.
XENONnT measures solar 8B neutrino coherent scattering at 3.3 sigma, finds no light dark matter, and constrains the weak mixing angle at low momentum transfer.
Electroweak SU(2)_L doublet fermion dark matter with mass above 10^10 GeV (or 300 GeV if pseudo-Dirac) is produced by Boltzmann-suppressed freeze-in above the reheat temperature and evades direct detection while never thermalizing.
A new model with SU(2)_D symmetry and vector-like muons mediates vector dark matter, simultaneously addressing relic abundance and muon g-2 while identifying an off-resonance suppression mechanism for light DM and deriving collider bounds.
The cS2HDM unifies a pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone dark matter candidate with electroweak baryogenesis in a two-Higgs-doublet plus complex singlet setup, featuring naturally suppressed DM-nucleon scattering and CP-violating Higgs interactions under flavour alignment.
A framework unifies dark matter stability and proton decay via residual Z4 symmetry from U(1)B+L breaking, with one-loop proton decay mediated by TeV-scale dark sector particles whose masses correlate with proton lifetime.
A model for pseudo-scalar dark matter is built from a broken dark U(1)_X gauge symmetry without dark fermions, yielding a stable pseudo-NGB with suppressed direct detection and viable relic density via annihilations into SM particles or light scalars.
A Dirac scoto-seesaw framework with chiral U(1)B-L charges (-4,-4,5) generates atmospheric neutrino mass at tree level and solar mass radiatively, stabilizes dark matter with residual Z6, and suppresses Z' dilepton decays.
Combining regular black hole metrics with memory burden suppresses evaporation and opens a 10^6-10^8 g PBH mass window that can comprise all dark matter.
LHC mono-W/Z searches with a new channel-separation method can exclude large ranges of neutral and charged mass splittings in the 70-75 GeV IDM dark matter scenario that fits astrophysical excesses.
A modified scotogenic model makes the lightest pseudo-Dirac singlet a dark matter candidate that annihilates mostly to neutrino pairs near threshold, reproducing the relic abundance while satisfying direct detection and lepton data bounds.
Ultrarelativistically decoupling dark matter in Z' portal models has direct detection cross sections that existing experiments like LZ and XENONnT have already excluded over large regions, leaving testable space above the neutrino fog for 0.4 GeV to 1 TeV masses.
Bilayer graphene enables sub-MeV dark matter detection via electronic excitations with small exposure and sidereal modulation signatures.
Classically conformal SU(2)_X model with triplet dark scalar yields viable WIMP and supercooled DM parameter spaces whose production histories are set by the model's first-order phase transition, with gravitational waves as a common probe.
A 2HDM extended by a complex singlet uses tree-level MPP to motivate degenerate neutral Higgs masses, yielding viable DM phenomenology and a thermally induced strong first-order electroweak phase transition.
A gauged U(1)_{Lμ-Lτ} model generates nearly degenerate Majorana dark matter whose self-interactions via a light scalar mediator set the relic density, resolve core-cusp anomalies, and fit LZ direct detection plus muon g-2 bounds.
WIMP models for the Galactic Center Excess survive only in finely tuned resonant funnels with portal couplings around 10^-4, with leptophilic vectors and pseudoscalar portals remaining most viable after current bounds.
citing papers explorer
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Calorimetric approach to paleo-detection of dark matter
A vacancy-counting calorimetric readout in paleo-detectors provides an event-by-event proxy for nuclear recoil species, suppressing neutron backgrounds and achieving spin-independent dark matter sensitivities of order 10^{-48} cm² at WIMP masses of tens of GeV.
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A self-consistent single-fluid framework for neutron stars admixed with mirror dark matter
Mirror dark matter admixture via mutual mean-field shifts softens the nuclear EOS, raises central densities, lowers maximum masses, and moves the direct Urca onset to higher or lower masses depending on symmetry-energy stiffness.
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Are Primordial Black Holes a Natural Dark Matter Candidate?
PBH dark matter spans all naturalness tiers, with some mechanisms as natural as WIMPs or freeze-in particles, determined by abundance map structure rather than candidate type.
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WIMP-like Dark Matter Without Thermalization At Freeze-Out
Hidden-sector dark matter achieves standard thermal relic abundance via early decoupling with temperature-matched freeze-out, enabling WIMP-like cross sections without late-time thermalization.
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Producing the GeV Galactic Center Excess via Cosmic Ray-Dark Matter Scattering
Cosmic ray protons scattering off dark matter produce the Galactic Center gamma-ray excess through inelastic up-scattering followed by decay or direct elastic 2-to-3 photon production.
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Search for Long-Lived Dark Photons from Dark Radiation at the LHC
Dark radiation from dark matter produced in Z decays generates long-lived dark photons that dominate over meson decays and bremsstrahlung for small kinetic mixing and masses above the GeV scale, allowing FASER2, FACET, and MATHUSLA to probe relic-abundance-consistent regions beyond conventional dark
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Proof-of-concept of a xenon-based cryogenic heat pump demonstrator for future liquid xenon observatories
A hermetically sealed xenon heat pump demonstrator provides 118 W cooling and 121 W heating at 386 W electrical input, sufficient for 3.1 kg/h xenon purification flow and far below the 6 kW of existing helium-based systems.
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Precision measurement of positron decay modes of Xe-125 in the LUX-ZEPLIN experiment
Xe-125 positron decay branching ratio measured as 0.29% at 5.5 sigma significance, providing the first constraint on individual levels in I-125.
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Probing the Solar $^8$B Neutrino Fog with XENONnT
XENONnT measures solar 8B neutrino coherent scattering at 3.3 sigma, finds no light dark matter, and constrains the weak mixing angle at low momentum transfer.
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Minimal Freeze-in Dark Matter: Reviving electroweak doublet dark matter with Boltzmann suppressed freeze-in
Electroweak SU(2)_L doublet fermion dark matter with mass above 10^10 GeV (or 300 GeV if pseudo-Dirac) is produced by Boltzmann-suppressed freeze-in above the reheat temperature and evades direct detection while never thermalizing.
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The Muonic Portal to Vector Dark Matter:connecting precision muon physics, cosmology, and colliders
A new model with SU(2)_D symmetry and vector-like muons mediates vector dark matter, simultaneously addressing relic abundance and muon g-2 while identifying an off-resonance suppression mechanism for light DM and deriving collider bounds.
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Towards a Unified Framework for Pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone Dark Matter and Electroweak Baryogenesis
The cS2HDM unifies a pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone dark matter candidate with electroweak baryogenesis in a two-Higgs-doublet plus complex singlet setup, featuring naturally suppressed DM-nucleon scattering and CP-violating Higgs interactions under flavour alignment.
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Dark Matter Induced Proton Decays
A framework unifies dark matter stability and proton decay via residual Z4 symmetry from U(1)B+L breaking, with one-loop proton decay mediated by TeV-scale dark sector particles whose masses correlate with proton lifetime.
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Pseudo-scalar dark matter from a broken gauged symmetry
A model for pseudo-scalar dark matter is built from a broken dark U(1)_X gauge symmetry without dark fermions, yielding a stable pseudo-NGB with suppressed direct detection and viable relic density via annihilations into SM particles or light scalars.
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The Simplest Dirac Scoto-Seesaw Realization
A Dirac scoto-seesaw framework with chiral U(1)B-L charges (-4,-4,5) generates atmospheric neutrino mass at tree level and solar mass radiatively, stabilizes dark matter with residual Z6, and suppresses Z' dilepton decays.
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Memory burden effect of regular primordial black holes
Combining regular black hole metrics with memory burden suppresses evaporation and opens a 10^6-10^8 g PBH mass window that can comprise all dark matter.
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LHC Mono-$W/Z$ Signatures as a Probe for Dark Matter Explanations of Astrophysical Excesses
LHC mono-W/Z searches with a new channel-separation method can exclude large ranges of neutral and charged mass splittings in the 70-75 GeV IDM dark matter scenario that fits astrophysical excesses.
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Monochromatic neutrinos from scotogenic dark matter
A modified scotogenic model makes the lightest pseudo-Dirac singlet a dark matter candidate that annihilates mostly to neutrino pairs near threshold, reproducing the relic abundance while satisfying direct detection and lepton data bounds.
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Searching for UFOs from the early universe: direct detection prospects for relativistically decoupling dark matter
Ultrarelativistically decoupling dark matter in Z' portal models has direct detection cross sections that existing experiments like LZ and XENONnT have already excluded over large regions, leaving testable space above the neutrino fog for 0.4 GeV to 1 TeV masses.
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Dive deeper with SUBMARINE: SUB-Mev dArk matter diRect detectIon using bilayer grapheNE
Bilayer graphene enables sub-MeV dark matter detection via electronic excitations with small exposure and sidereal modulation signatures.
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Dark matter in classically conformal theories: WIMP and supercooling
Classically conformal SU(2)_X model with triplet dark scalar yields viable WIMP and supercooled DM parameter spaces whose production histories are set by the model's first-order phase transition, with gravitational waves as a common probe.
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Two Higgs doublet model with a complex singlet scalar and Multi-critical Point Principle
A 2HDM extended by a complex singlet uses tree-level MPP to motivate degenerate neutral Higgs masses, yielding viable DM phenomenology and a thermally induced strong first-order electroweak phase transition.
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Nearly Degenerate Majorana Dark Matter and Its Self-Interactions in a Gauged $U(1)_{L_\mu - L_\tau}$ Model
A gauged U(1)_{Lμ-Lτ} model generates nearly degenerate Majorana dark matter whose self-interactions via a light scalar mediator set the relic density, resolve core-cusp anomalies, and fit LZ direct detection plus muon g-2 bounds.
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A Comprehensive Study of WIMP Models Explaining the Fermi-LAT Galactic Center Excess
WIMP models for the Galactic Center Excess survive only in finely tuned resonant funnels with portal couplings around 10^-4, with leptophilic vectors and pseudoscalar portals remaining most viable after current bounds.
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Cosmological Probes of Lepton Parity Freeze-in Dark Matter: $\Delta N_{\rm eff}$ & Gravitational Waves
Lepton parity stabilizes a Majorana fermion as freeze-in dark matter produced via right-handed neutrino or Higgs decays, yielding detectable gravitational waves or ΔN_eff depending on scalar couplings.
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GeV-scale thermal dark matter from dark photons: tightly constrained, yet allowed
In a dark-photon-mediated Dirac fermionic DM model, only narrow resonant regions with small dark-sector coupling allow the candidate to saturate the full relic density while evading current direct and indirect detection bounds.
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Spherically Symmetric Fluid Simulations of Black Hole Accretion in Self-Interacting Dark Matter Halos
1D hydrodynamic simulations find that SIDM heat transport competes with gravity to regulate black hole accretion, enabling rapid growth in SIS profiles up to 10,000 solar masses from a 100 solar mass seed in 2 Myr.
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Signatures of gravity-mediated dark matter interaction in theories with large extra dimensions
In ADD models with n large extra dimensions, gravity-mediated DM-nucleon interactions scale as m_p m_χ M_*^{-4} and resonant annihilation as ⟨σv⟩ ~ m_χ^n M_*^{-n-2}, yielding bounds on {m_χ, M_*} from Xe direct detection and galactic gamma rays.
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Simulations of 3-Dimensional Recoil Response to Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering Events in Directional Direct Dark Matter Detectors
Simulations of solar CEvNS events produce annually varying ring-like 3D recoil distributions in directional detectors that lack target dependence and contrast with fixed WIMP signals.
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Strong First-Order Electroweak Phase Transition and Gravitational Waves in a $\mathbb{Z}_4$ Fermion-Scalar Dark Matter Model
In a Z4 fermion-scalar dark matter model, strong first-order electroweak phase transitions and gravitational wave signals occur only in the thermal two-component regime with Mψ < MS < 2Mψ or the decay-driven WIMP-FIMP regime with MS > 2Mψ after dark matter constraints.
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Probing TeV-Scale Inverse-Seesaw Leptogenesis and Majorana Dark Matter in $U(1)_{B-L}$ Models at Multi-TeV Muon Colliders
Inverse-seesaw U(1)_{B-L} model correlates leptogenesis, Majorana DM relic density, and neutrino masses with collider signatures in dilepton and single-lepton channels.
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Twilight of the WIMP: Comprehensive Phenomenology of Electroweak Triplet Dark Matter
Only the hypercharge-zero fermionic electroweak triplet dark matter survives current relic density, direct detection, and indirect detection constraints among the minimal triplet extensions considered.
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Singlet-doublet dark matter induced radiative neutrino mass and TeV scale leptogenesis
Singlet-doublet dark matter induces radiative neutrino masses at one loop while enabling TeV-scale leptogenesis in both Majorana and Dirac realizations.
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Light Neutralino Dark Matter in a Supersymmetric Pati-Salam Framework
In the supersymmetric Pati-Salam framework, light bino-like neutralino dark matter below 110 GeV survives all constraints in bulk and Z-funnel regions for negative mu, with a right-handed stau next-to-lightest particle below 120 GeV.
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Heavy singlet fermionic dark matter with $Z_4$ symmetry
In the Z4-symmetric singlet fermionic DM model with a new scalar, viable heavy-DM parameter space in the secluded regime permits non-negligible Higgs mixing while satisfying relic density and direct detection bounds.
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Constraints on a Light Leptophilic Scalar from Dark-Sector Couplings
A parameter space analysis of a leptophilic scalar mediator model for Majorana dark matter yields a viable sub-GeV region after applying relic density, cosmological, astrophysical, and laboratory constraints.
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WIMP Dark Matter within the dark photon portal
Derives lower limits on dark photon parameters from thermal relic density for Dirac fermion and complex scalar WIMPs and compares resulting spin-independent cross sections to direct detection upper bounds.
- Design, construction, and testing of the PandaX-xT cryogenics system